Genetic association, which may imply a causal relation, is
different from genetic linkage, which occurs when two gene loci
are physically close together on the chromosome. A disease gene,
located near the HLA complex of genes on chromosome 6, will
be linked to a particular HLA haplotype within a given affected
family but will not necessarily be associated with the same HLA
antigens in unrelated affected people. HLA typing can be used
to predict disease by establishing the linked HLA haplotype
within a given family.
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